Wrench with spring closed jaws and handle and pawl feed



0. M. GROSS WRENCH WITH SPRING CLOSED JAWS Nov. 2, 1948.

AND HANDLE AND PAWL FEED Filed Oct. 5, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig. 8,

Fig.9. Q

OSI/YALD /v/. 6/9055 INVENTOR lylzfl ATTORNEYS 0. M. GROSS WRENCH WITHSPRING CLOSED JAWS AND HANDLE AND PAWL FEED Nov; 2, 1948.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 5, 1945 26 l kw 09mm M. 62055. INVENTORATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 2, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WRENCH WITHSPRING CLOSED JAWS AND HANDLE AND PAWL FEED Oswald M. Gross, Detroit,Mich. Application October 5, 1945, Serial No. 620,441

(or. s1-s9) I 4 Claims.

ldle where they are protected from dirt.

A further object oi -the invention is to. provide a wrench of this typewhich can be manufactured I at alow cost in large quantities and whichis simple in assembly and highly efficient in operation. Further objectswill moreparticularly appear in the course of the following detaileddescription.

, The invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement, andcombinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed. ,7

Two sheets of drawings accompany this specification as parts thereof inwhich like, reference characters indicate like parts throughout.

In the drawings: 7

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the improved W en 7 a Figure 2 is aside view of the wrenchin open position and partly broken away todisclose the operative parts.

Figure 3 is a plan view of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a right-hand side view of Figure 2,

Figure -5 is a left-hand side View of Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a plan view of the base plate shown .in Figure 2. p v

Figure 7 is a front elevation of the base plate shown in Figure 6. I y

Figure 7a is a side elevation of the plate .shown in Figure 7. V

Figure 8 is an end view of the operative handle.

Figure 9 is a side view of the operative handle.

Figure 9a is a ba-ckelevation of the handle shown in Figure 9. n

Figure 10' is a plan view of the movable jaw member.

Figure 11 is a side View of the movable jaw member of the wrench.

Figure 12 is a side elevation lookingfrom the right of the movable jawmember, shown in Figure 11. i 1

Figure 12a is a side elevation of thejaw member looking from the left.

Figure 13 is a plan view of the slidable cam member.

Figure 14 is a vertical .cross section through the slidable cam member.

Figure 14a is a side elevation of the slidable cam member.

J shown in Figure 1'7.

Figure 15 is a fragmentary perspective of the wrench having a modifiedform of jaws. I Figure 16 is a plan view of this modified form ofwrench. I Figure 17 is a front view of this type of wrench with jawsopen.

Figure l8 is a right-hand side view of the wrench shown in Figure 17Figure 19 is a left-hand side view of the wrench In accordance with thepresent invention a tubular handle I is provided formed at one end witha fixed jaw part 2 having an outwardly directed fiat face 4! adapted toengage a nut or "bolt and an angularly disposed face 42 adaptedtoreceive-a similar projection 40 formed on the movable jaw member I3.The movable jaw member. I3 is provided with an inwardly directed face 39adapted to coact with face 4| to engage a nut and with an extensionshaped and proportioned to slide within the tubular handle member I.

' This extension is cut away for the major part of its length to provideclearance in the tubular handle for a slide cam member and an operativehandle as will be hereinafter described. The lower portion of theextension of jaw member I3 is threaded as shown at I2, or otherwiseprovided with transverse serrations and is also provided ,with athreaded hole 32 adapted to receive a thumb screw 33 which extendsthrough a longitudinal slot 34 in the tubular handle I to permit manualadjustment of the jaw member I3. by the thumb of the user.

The lower end of extension of jaw member I3 is provided with a slot 28'within which-is positioned a transverse pin 3I adapted to anchor one endof a spiral spring 30' arranged to-normally draw the ,jaw member I3toward the tubular handle toengage a nut.

A second longitudinal slot 3 is provided in the tubular handle l opposedto the serrated face of the extension of jaw member I3 and'within thisslot is positioned the head It! of the operative hanj..camlmember, 4 hasa face confronting the serrated face I2 of jaw member I3 providedwithsimilar serrations I I adapted to co-mate with the serrations I2 tointerlock the cam member 4 with the jaw member I3. The cam member 4 isfurther provided with a downwardly directed extension I4 also slidablein the longitudinal slot 3 3, a continuation of which is notched as atI6 to provide a sliding engagement with the inner face of the adjacentwall of the tubular member I. A resilient extension I! depends stillfurther and terminates at its bottom in a head portion 22 alsoproportioned to slidingly engage the inner wall of the tubular member.From this head 22 depends a finger [8 adapted tosriugly fit Within aspiral compression spring 20, which spring will abut against theunderface 2| of the head 22 and 1 function to force cam member 4upwardly in a straight line. The extensions, strand 182916 important inthat they must maintain thecam member 4 normally in its outermostposition and disengaged from the threads l2 ofthe jaw mem- "=21 and inpa'rti'clil-ar to 'maintain spring 20 in straight axial alignment.Closure member 'flis held *in position -in the tubular handle I by a 3transverse pin ZBextending throughthesidewalls of the handle and throughthe closure member.

A modified form of "the wrench thus described is "illustrated in Figures 15 and 19 wherein the jaw menibers are fornfetl *as angiilarlydisposed extensions 4 1 and '49, the'se extensions being provi'de'd-ontheir -inner confronting fa'ces with complementary 'notches dfl and 50.Itwill'be observed that the center dines-of notches 4B and 50 lie in -acommon plane 'with the longitudinal axis of the tubular handle and that'the longitudinal axis of these two notiihes a're arranged parallel and'at an angle to the longitudinal axis df the handle. The jaw 41 is-prferab1y'"-ma[de or tool steel formed -from a bar 45 bent "asindicated at 46. The "jaw 49 is prefe rably made :as a separate par'thaving an "apron like "po'rtibn forged from the niai'n block o'f the awas indicated at 51 and secured byxweldinga alongath'e lines 53, 54f55to(interface inf the man bf tubu1ar :-member I 3111 using tthi's wrench:the hexa'gbh somers of "the nut headiare'engagedibetween the notches?(and 50 and if :so :idesired to use the-flats of nut head, engagementcan be ma'de b'etw'een surface ll-[and.uppensurface"dfimember fll and byreason \of the angular disposition :of these notchesan'd faces withrespect 170 :the itubul'ar handle, the handle is elevated :from theiplane of the nuthead-so as toqpermit ampleiclearance f'o'rithe fin-.ger of-the-operator-in rotatingthe tool.

JIihe :operating mechanism in it'his form of the wrench is identicalwith that :previously described for the typeillustrated in=Figuresr1iand2. Various modifications in specific :details -willreadily 1. A self-adjusting wrench comprising a w bular handle formed atone end with a nut engaging jaw, a complementary jaw member formed withan extension slidable in the handle, said extension having transverseserrations, a cam formed with a face confronting the serrated por' tionof the jaw extension and similarly serrated,-

Tsaid camslid-ablein the't'ubiilar handle, an opera t'ive handle pivotedo'nt'he tubular handle in alignment therewith formed with a cam facearranged to engage the slidable cam to operably dengagesaid cam with theserrated jaw extension, a closure-member for the tubular handle formedwith a medial extension defining two parallel springdwells in thehandle, a compression spring 's'ea'tdiin'nne dwelliand engaging theslidable cam and an expansion spring having its ends anchored"respectively to the slidable jaw and the bottom of the other springdwell.

2. Self-adjusting wrench= comprising a tubular handle-formed-at one'en'dwith a nut engaging jaw,=a-complernentar y jaw member formed with anextension slidable in'the-handle, said extension h-avi'ng tr ansverseserrations, "the tubular ha'ridle having 'a-long'itudinal slot-in itswall-conf'ronting the -serrated part df th'e .-j aw 'r'n'ember, I a

cam merxib'er formed with-a face confronting the serrated por -tion-ofthejaw member-and similarly serrated, said cam slidably positioned in"said longitudinal slot, an {operative handle pivoted on the tubularh'andle 'with-a 'head'part Op'era'tivein th'e longitudinal slot, s'aidhead fbrmedwitha cam face 'arran'gedto engage th'e slidable camto-opera'bly engage said cam-with -the serrated jaw extension, a'closure me'mber for --the tubular handle formed to provide dwells fortwo springs arranged respectively to draw the jaw member toward thetubular liandle and force the slidable camagainst'thecam faceof' theoperative handle.

3. A wvrench -as -'specified-in claim 2 in which the slidable cam isformed withfa resilient'extenisiontermiriating in a head 'co'nstitutingaseat for a coil spring, said head having a finger-adapted it'o'iseatslidably in and maintain said spiral spring Kin1on'gitudinalalign1rfent.

4. A wrench as specified in claim- -2 in whic'h the cooperative c'amfaces on'theslidablecam and operative haridle are so formd that initialrocking of the handle "will move-the cam transversely of 'th'etubular'handle to interengage its serrations with those of the jawmember and further rokring of the handle will force thec'am andassociated jaw member downward in the handle against the "pressure 'oftlrie spring a'ss'o'ciated mm the ham 7 member.

OSWALD M. GROSS.

REFERENCES 'CITED The following references are of reco'rd'in' the fileof this patent:

UNI-FED STATES 'PATEN TS Number Name Date 753396 How'ar d Mar. 1, 19041,542,123 Eifel June '16, I925 1,573,64 7 Sewell Feb. f6, 1926 -2;250;400 Stephens ';m1y"22,'1941

